by webadmin | Feb 3, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Natural EnvironmentMonitoring 2005, No 6, 49-58
THE IMPACT OF AIR MASSES CIRCULATION ON SPECIFIC ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY OF PRECIPITATION WATER IN THE BYSTRZANKA CATCHMENT IN 1995-2004
Witold Bochenek
Summary
This paper contains analysis of the specific electric conductivity (SEC) of precipitation water on the background air masses types, advection types and wind direction during 10-years measurements on the IG&SO PAS (IME Base Station) at Szymbark. The aim this analysis was evaluation of influence, which have different air masses, advection types and wind direction on the SEC of precipitation water in a long-term and possibility of location of potential air-pollution source. It.s ascertain the increase of the SEC during advections of anticyclonal air masses: polar-sea and polar-continental from south and south-eastern direction. Wind direct have a impact on delivering of pollution from nearby buildings.
by webadmin | Feb 3, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Natural Environment Monitoring 2005, No 6, 95-99
INTERNATIONAL LEGAL REGULATIONS IN RANGE OF AIR PROTECTION
Maciej Jóźwiak
Summary
Present elaboration presents chosen normative acts in sphere of environmental protection with indication on air protection. It perform distribution on international regulations about world coverage, European regulations and polish internal regulations. The particular push is put on United Nations Convention on Climate Change including Kioto Protocol (international coverage) and on solution concerning emission trade of greenhouse gas and other substance by EU accepted. Presentation of individual legal acts brings the readers closer to problems of natural environmental protection. Results of presented solutions and mechanism of operations, which purpose is not only reduction of emission of greenhouse gas into the atmosphere but also general care on natural environmental, will be visible within several forthcoming year. The analysis will be invaluable scientific material which could be the base for other future natural environmental protection projects.
by webadmin | Feb 3, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Natural Environment Monitoring 2005, No 6, 9-22
INTEGRATED PATTERNS OF UTILISATION ON THE ELEVATION OF PINCZOW NATURAL CONSERVATION CONSISTENT WITH LAND USE (VINICULTURE)
Martin Döhler, Ralf Gründling, Jürgen Heinrich
Summary
The aim of the authors is to present special patterns of utilisation on a scarp elevation which consists of cretaceous marl and tertiary limestone. The climatic and edaphic conditions are described as an assumption for arable crop production (viniculture). The very steep parts of the hill are covered by xerothermic grassland including a large number of endangered species.
This grassland is on the brink of extinction where bushes are replacing the habitat. To conserve the rare plant association, it is necessary to establish natural conservation with adapted maintenance. The point is to innovate a new concept of utilisation which combines both, cash cropping and protection of cultural landscape.
by webadmin | Feb 3, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Natural EnvironmentMonitoring 2005, No 6, 75-83
INFLUENCE OF FOREST MANAGEMENT INTO THE CARBON STORAGE IN SOIL
Marek Degórski
Summary
A great part of the global reserve of carbon is accumulated in the soils of forested terrestrial ecosystems. In the face of ongoing civilisational processes leading to rapid changes in properties of elements of the natural environment, the carbon balance is of ever greater strategic significance to socioeconomic development. Alongside the natural factors influencing the shaping of carbon storage in soils, an ever greater role is being played by anthropogenic processes. The aim of the paper has been to determine the influence of trophic status, and management on the organic carbon storage in the soils of mixed pine-spruce forest with rusty soil and oak-hornbeam forest with lessive soil. The research was carried out in Białowieża National Park, Poland. The results obtained point to the negative influence of habitat fertility on the organic carbon storage in soil. Also indicated is the influence of forest cutting in lowering natural soil fertility, which is to say increased carbon storage in the soils of ecosystems subject to management, as opposed to that in forests under protection for a decade now.
by webadmin | Feb 3, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Natural EnvironmentMonitoring 2005, No 6, 41-45
USE OF LICHENOMETRY IN GEOMORPHOLOGICAL RESEARCH
Maciej Dąbski
Summary
Lichenometry is performed by measuring diameters of map lichens, most often of Rhizocarpon geographicum and Rhizocarpon alpicola species, growing on rock surfaces (stones) constituting moraines, talus slopes, debris flows, rock glaciers, landslides and river terraces. Lichens of the Rhizocarpon species allow dating of sediments deposited c. 800 year ago, though best resolution is obtained for younger sediments.
Beschel (1950) was a pioneer of use of lichenometry in geomorphology as he dated moraines of Alpine glaciers. Lock et al. (1973), Innes (1982, 1983, 1985), Bradwell (2004) and McKinzey et al. (2004) describe lichenometric procedures used in geomorphological research. Kotarba (1988, 2001, 2004) and Bajgier (1992), Bajgier-Kowalska (2002, 2003) use lichenometry in Poland. Lichenometry is often used and modernized during researches on age of moraine deposits in Iceland (Jaksch, 1975; Gordon and Sharp, 1983; Maizels and Dugmore, 1985; Caseldine, 1991; Evans et al., 1999; Bradwell, 2001, 2004; Kirkbridge and Dugmore, 2001; D¹bski, 2002; D¹bski et al. 2005; McKinzey et al., 2004).
On the rock surface subject to dating the largest diameters of relatively circular and separate thalli are measured. Age of the surface is calculated based on singular largesr thallus or mean of 5 largest thalli. Obtained value is referred to calibrated growth curve of the lichens. The curve is drawn based on measurements performed on rock surfaces of known age. Recently (Brawdell, 2004; McKinzey et al., 2004) it was found out that for SE Iceland best results bring use of the size-frequency gradient technique performed on the population of Rhizocarpon lichens.
The use of lichenometry in geomorphology has some limitations, e.g.: most often measured lichens Rhizocarpon don.t grow on carbonate rocks, it is essential to pay attention to specific local environmental conditions (e.g. location on a slope, aspect of the rock surface) which can differentiate the pace of lichens growth, colonisation lag time which is not always known (especially in a case of moraine deposits), difficulties in finding sufficient number of lichens thalli. In SE Iceland lichenometry gives best results of rock surfaces exposed 60 to 250 years ago.
