by webadmin | Feb 3, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Natural Environment Monitoring 2005, No 6, 85-92
THE RELATION OF MORPHOGENETICAL SEASONS IN SLOPE AND RIVER-BED SYSTEM OF UPPER PARSĘTA CATCHMENT (WESTERN POMERANIA)
Jacek Tylkowski
Summary
The main problem of work concerns delimitation of morphogenetical seasons in slope and river-bed system of young-glacial Upper Parsêta catchment. The seasonal changeability of processes was marked: splash, slopewash, deflation, outflow of suspension and ion. The received methodology made possible the emission and differentiation of morphogenetical seasons of water erosion, windy erosion and fluvial transportation.
by webadmin | Feb 3, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Natural EnvironmentMonitoring 2005, No 6, 59-70
THE COMPOSITION OF MACRO- AND MICROELEMENTS IN SIZE FRACTIONS OF GENETIC HORIZONS OF SOILS DEVELOPED FROM VARIOUS MOTHER–ROCKS OF EASTERN POLAND
Józef Borowiec
Summary
In the years 1977-1988, in the contemporary Chair of the Soil Science of Agricultural University in Lublin, the multidirectional research on the chemical composition and proprieties of each grain size fraction separated from 6 profiles of typical soils of Eastern Poland was carried out (Fig. 1). The effect of this research was, among others, the elaboration and publication of detailed characteristics of several macro – and microelements (Fe, Ti, V, Pb, Mn, B, Al). However, due to external factors the research was not completed then. Taking into account a wide range of data obtained from this experiment, we present in this paper the research results for all determined elements (Tables 2-7). Simultaneously, this work is a kind of announcement of detailed elaborations that will be published separately for every element in the future. The scope of these elaborations will be similar to the above mentioned first one. Within the presented paper we will emphasize the most essential elements of the research results which can be summarized as follows:
The soil profiles developed from different mother-rocks showed an essential influence of the mother-rock factor on the chemism of separated fractions. The analysis of the research results on the example of iron and aluminium, confirms a significant role of these elements in processes of the soil profile formation. The results confirm partially an argument of Le Riche who points out distinct differences in actions of these elements during soil formations processes. The iron, after the activation, shifts mostly in the form of hydrated oxides. On the opposite, the aluminium usually stays in a form of amorphous aluminosilicates . this is why the most of the mass of Al is bounded in particles of greater diameter (small dust). The research confirmed a significant role of pH of the environment in a course of these processes. In the acid reaction environment the iron mobility increased. The review of the whole obtained results (Tables 2-7) shows that in the case of most marked elements, their secondary accumulation is connected with a colloidal fraction. Departures from this rule (aluminium, titanium) are not accidental but result from their geochemical dissimilarities. The attempts of estimation of negative anthropogenic changes on the example of the occurrence and reaction of the lead in the soil did not proved distinct signs of biogenic accumulation of this element in soil horizons. In comparison to the mother-rock the fall of the lead content was observed in genetic horizons of all examined profiles. The results confirm a controversial opinion about ambiguous influence of the reaction (pH) on the dissolubility and mobility of the lead in the soil environment. The composition of graphic forms of counts proposed by Le Riche confirms partly the argument of this author about the geochemical affinity of some elements to the iron but other to the aluminium (Fig. 2). One can infer that realization of similar elaborations (graphs) for all elements will contribute to deepen our knowledge on these problems.
by webadmin | Feb 3, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Natural Environment Monitoring 2005, No 6, 23-37
ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION AND TRANSFORMATION PROCESSES OF DEPOSITION IN THE FOREST ECOSYSTEM OF THE ŚWIĘTOKRZYSKIE MOUNTAINS REGION
Alojzy Kowalkowski, Marek Jóźwiak, Rafał Kozłowski, Hubert Wróblewski
Summary
Over 10-year experience of the Świętokrzyskie Mountains region integrated environmental monitoring undoubtedly revealed that deposition systems with complexes of spatiotemporal values and consequent reactions to transformation processes of heavy-changeable and easy-changeable in time elements of ecosystems, require a new deepen expression. Every Earth.s system consists of complexes of selffunctioning elements, which interoperate in performing some defined regulating functions, to its existence necessary. Even small deviations from natural and close to optimal levels of functioning in ecosystems can have negative effects on living organisms having their niches in them.
This is why it is necessary to recognise deeply and more comprehensively the emission systems in the atmosphere with their transmissions in time and space along with induced transformations in the atmosphere, hylosphere and pedosphere depending on meteorological parameters. Without a suitable processing this knowledge cannot be directly used in natural environment planning, and management and of environmental policy implementation by decision makers.
Localisation of ICP IM station .wiêty Krzy¿ in low mountains with dominating emissions from W and SW directions with oceanic air masses along with changeable from E and SE directions of continental air have specific geographical values for regional and local emissions examination on the background of remote continental and intercontinental emissions.
by webadmin | Feb 3, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Natural Environment Monitoring 2005, No 6, 71-74
INTERLABORATORY COMPARISONS OF ANALYTICAL METHODS AS A TOOL FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE/QUALITY CONTROL IN PRECIPITATION CHEMISTRY RESEARCH AT INTEGRATED MONITORING STATION
PUSZCZA BORECKA
Anna Degórska
Summary
Results obtained in the interlaboratory comparisons of analytical methods for precipitation chemistry at Integrated Monitoring Station Puszcza Borecka and Environment Monitoring Laboratory during the period 19982005 have been presented. The author has referred to the Polish Centre for Accreditation policy for proficiency testing/interlaboratory comparisons. These comparisons are an important tool for quality assurance/quality control in precipitation chemistry research. They assure that the results meet quality criteria. On the other hand they allow to detect analytical problems and force to correct them.
by webadmin | Feb 1, 2015 | Bez kategorii
Natural Environment Monitoring 2006, No 7, 51-58
DYNAMIC AND IMPACT OF FACTORS INFLUENCING ON SOIL MOISTURE OF FLYSCH CARPATHIAN SLOPE COVERS ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE IG&SO PAS EXPERIMENTAL SLOPE AT SZYMBARK
Witold Bochenek
Summary
This paper shows results of soil moisture investigations on the flysch Carpathian slope, measured by TDR (Time Domain Reflectometry) technique in two profiles during one year (a break during winter). Author has analysed the influence selected meteorological factors: precipitation (total and intensity), airtemperature and ground-temperature on soil moisture. It investigated relationships between moisture on measuring points on selected profiles (measurement every 10 cm down). Presented results became completed with information, which got on the base of experiment concerning velocity of moisture progress in soil.
